Samuel George Morton (1799-1851) was a renowned American scientist known for his contributions to the field of physical anthropology. Born in Philadelphia, Morton graduated from the University of Pennsylvania Medical School in 1820 and became a physician. His passion for natural sciences led him to establish one of the largest collections of human skulls, which he meticulously measured and analyzed to study anatomical differences among different races. Morton’s research, however, was influenced by prevailing racial theories of his time, and his conclusions reinforced erroneous beliefs about racial hierarchies. His most notable work, “Crania Americana,” published in 1839, compared skulls of various racial groups. Despite inaccuracies in his analysis, Morton played a significant role in shaping the discourse on race during the 19th century.